Oğuzhan Ahmet ARIK

Makale/Derleme | 2022 | - ( 34 ) , pp.7775 - 7789

Metaheuristic algorithms are solution approaches to solve optimization problems by repeating some algorithmic steps while searching the solution space. The strategy of the metaheuristic includes two basic tactics; exploration for escaping the local optimum and exploitation for the global optimum. The number of solutions while exploring the solution space can be used to classify metaheuristics. If the metaheuristic uses only one solution to generate a new solution, we call it the single-solution-based metaheuristic. Simulated annealing, iterated local search, adaptive large neighborhood search, iterated greedy, local search, and tabu . . . search are examples of single-solution-based metaheuristics. Most of these metaheuris- tics use an acceptance criterion to whether accept the newly generated solution instead of the incumbent solution to escape from the local optimal. The most used acceptance criterion in the literature is the Metropolis criterion or simulated annealing-like acceptance criterion that decides whether accept the new solution by calculating its acceptance probability. In this study, we propose a fuzzy rule-based acceptance criterion that fuzzies the inputs of the metaheuristic within a fuzzy inference system to create the decision output about the acceptance. The proposed new acceptance criterion is compared with the well-known probabilistic approach in the experimental study with traveling salesman problem, multidi- mensional knapsack problem, single machine weighted earliness/tardiness problem, linear regression problem, and two continuous optimization problems. The statistical analyses reveal that the number of acceptance solutions while using the proposed acceptance criterion is less than the probabilistic one has but the metaheuristic performance increases with the proposed criterion. Additional analyses are made to explain why the fuzzy criterion convergences better to the global optimum than the probabilistic criterion Daha fazlası Daha az

Feyzan CANKURTARAN | Özlem MENEVŞE | Hikmet Şeyma KIZILTOPRAK | Semra ALTAY | Merve DURAN | Esma Betül DEMİR | Altuğ Altay ŞAHAN | Çiğdem EKŞİ

Makale/Derleme | 2022 | Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice25 ( 2 ) , pp.153 - 159

Background: The widespread use of digital devices causes adolescents to spend long periods of time in front of the screen. Aims: This study aimed to analyze the impacts of digital game addiction on the musculoskeletal system of secondary school children in Kayseri. Patients and methods: A total of 1000 healthy children have been included. A questionnaire, which has been prepared by the researchers and questions children's socio-demographic knowledge, sport habits, durations of study, types of digital tools they use to play games, using positions and durations of use, has been applied to the children. A visual analog scale was used t . . .o assess pain intensity. Game addiction has been evaluated through Computer Game Addiction Scale for Children. Results: Between computer and phone use and neck pain, a significant correlation has been found (P < 0.05). Between game addiction and wrist, back and low back pain, a significant correlation has been detected. While males use more computer, tablet and are more addicted to games, the scores of head, wrist and back pain in females have been found out to be significantly high. Conclusions: As they cause musculoskeletal problems, the higher the time children consume in front of digital devices and the more they use it in wrong posture; the more the complaints about pain are Daha fazlası Daha az

Rıdvan AKYOL

Makale/Derleme | 2022 | Oral Radiology38 ( 2 ) , pp.252 - 260

Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the mandibular trabecular and cortical bone structure of patients using systemic glucocorticoid (GC) and compare to control group with the fractal analysis (FA) and radiomorphometric indices. Methods Two researchers retrospectively investigated 192 dental panoramic radiographs to compare individuals using systemic GCs to healthy controls. FA was performed in 4 different regions; geometrical center of the mandibular ramus (ROI1), cancellous bone on supracortical mandibular angle area inferior to the mandibular canal (ROI2), cancellous bone on mesial to the mental foramen (ROI3), ba . . .sal cortical bone extending mental foramen to the first molars’ distal root in the mandibular corpus (ROI4). Panoramic mandibular index (PMI), mandibular cortical width (MCW) and mandibular cortical index (MCI) were performed for evaluate cortical thickness and porosity. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to determine the normal distribution of the data, the independent t test for comparison of values and the chi-square test for descriptive statistics. Results There were statistically significant differences in ROI4 and MCW. The fractal dimension (FD) values in ROI4 and MCW were significantly lower in study group. There were no significant differences in FD values in ROI1, ROI2, ROI3 and PMI and MCI measurements between both groups. Conclusions FA and radiomorphometric measurements is an efficient method to detect early changes in bone mass. In our study, ROI4 and MCW were significantly lower in study group. Osteoporosis prevention should be considered in patients using systemic GCs Daha fazlası Daha az

Gizem Aytekin Şahin

Makale/Derleme | 2023 | Nutrition and Food Scienceearly access ( early access ) , pp.1 - 15

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the nutrient profile, carbon footprint and water footprint of one-month menus presented in five hospitals in Turkey and compare their environmental impacts with that of the Mediterranean diet. Design/methodology/approach The energy and nutrient content of menus were compared with recommendations of the Turkey Dietary Guidelines (TUBER) 2022. Nutrient profiles of hospital menus were evaluated using Nutrient Rich Food 9.3 (NRF 9.3) and SAIN-LIM models. The carbon and water footprints of the menus were calculated and compared with those of the Mediterranean diet. Findings Menus’ energy and nutrient c . . .ontent did not conform with TUBER 2022. The SAIN-LIM score of Hospital A (5.7 ± 1.1) was significantly higher than that of Hospitals C (4.8 ± 0.7, p = 0.001) and E (5.1 ± 0.7, p = 0.025). The carbon footprint of Hospital A was significantly lower (2.6 ± 0.3 kg CO2 eq/person/day) and that of Hospital D (4 ± 0.9 kg CO2 eq/person/day) was significantly higher than those of others (p < 0.001). While other menus were similar (p > 0.05), the water footprint of Hospital A was significantly lower (3.5 ± 0.7 L/kg, p < 0.001). In addition, if the menus were suitable for the Mediterranean diet, a reduction of 2.2–23.4% in the carbon footprint and 37.5–58.6% in the water footprint could be achieved. Moreover, menus’ carbon and water footprints were negatively correlated with NRF 9.3 and SAIN-LIM scores. Research limitations/implications The primary aim should be to ensure that the planned menus follow the dietary guidelines. In addition, it is an undeniable fact that sustainable nutrition is a complex process with many dimensions. However, it seems possible to improve the nutrient profiles of the menus and reduce their environmental footprint with minor changes to be made in food services. Practical implications It seems possible to improve the nutrient profiles of the menus and reduce their environmental footprint with minor changes. For both health and environmental impacts, food services should switch to menus suitable for the Mediterranean diet. Originality/value The findings provide new insights into hospital menus’ quality and environmental impact Daha fazlası Daha az

Gizem Aytekin Şahin

Makale/Derleme | 2023 | British Food Journal125 ( 3 ) , pp.1054 - 1066

Purpose There are many studies investigating people’s eating habits during the COVID-19 period, and people have been encouraged to eat healthier. Healthy nutrition is made possible by making healthy food choices and food labels are one of the tools that help consumers make healthy food choices. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on consumers’ food label reading behaviours and their level of trust in food labels. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,012 adults aged 18–65 years from seven different regions of Turkey. Participants’ food label . . . reading behaviours and their trust in food label information were assessed using an online questionnaire, and COVID-19 fear scores were determined using the fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S). Findings Although not statistically significant, participants’ rate of reading food labels increased during the pandemic (65.6% vs 68.7%, p = 0.078). On the contrary, trust in label information decreased significantly (52.1% vs 43.9%, p < 0.001). In addition, increased COVID-19 fear was associated with an increased rate of food label reading and decreased trust in the label information (p < 0.001). Research limitations/implications Because of the study’s cross-sectional nature, the authors cannot provide a causal link between COVID-19 fear and food label reading behaviours and trust in food label information. However, it is difficult to investigate this causal link due to difficulties in studies of consumer behaviour and food choice (e.g. multifactorial effects and complexity). Second, because the present study’s findings were based on self-report data, there may be a risk of resource bias. Nevertheless, the authors think that this study will shed light on future studies as it is the first time that the COVID-19 pandemic has investigated consumers’ food label reading habits and their trust in food labels. Practical implications Considering the pandemic as an opportunity to change consumer behaviour, it may be useful to provide food label reading education to consumers, especially during this period. In addition, the information given on the label should be clear and understandable for a better understanding of the food label information. Furthermore, it may be beneficial to conduct food inspections more frequently and share the results with the public to increase consumers’ trust in food labels. Moreover, as the food system shifts towards a “new normal”, it is critical for policymakers to understand the changes in consumer perceptions, preferences and trust in foods. Originality/value COVID-19 fear affected consumers’ food label reading behaviours. As far as the authors know, there is no study about the effects of COVID-19 on consumers’ food label reading behaviours Daha fazlası Daha az

RIDVAN AKYOL

Makale/Derleme | 2020 | Oral Radiology36 ( 1 ) , pp.60 - 68

Objective This study was performed to retrospectively analyse the imaging features of 13 patients with central giant cell granulomas (CGCGs) examined at a single institution. Methods The orthopantomography and cone beam computed tomography images of 13 patients histopathologically diagnosed with CGCGs were retrospectively analysed. Patients aged > 30 years underwent measurement of their calcium and parathyroid hormone levels. No cases of hyperparathyroidism were identified in the study group. Results Thirteen lesions of 13 patients (7 female, 6 male) were included in this study. The patients’ ages ranged from 8 to 79 years at the ti . . .me of presentation. Among the 13 lesions, 2 (15.4%) were in the maxilla and 11 (84.6%) were in the mandible. Eight lesions (61.5%) were unilocular and 5 lesions (38.5%) were multilocular with a soap bubble appearance. Three of the lesions were > 5 cm, and the remaining ten lesions were < 5 cm; five of these smaller lesions met at least three of the aggressiveness criteria. Therefore, according to these criteria, eight aggressive and five non-aggressive CGCGs were examined in this series. Conclusion The distinction between aggressive and non-aggressive CGCGs is extremely important because it leads to changes in the individual treatment protocol that is applied. It may be possible to minimise recurrence after treatment by detecting findings such as cortical perforation or thinning, cortical bone expansion, and the presence of root resorption Daha fazlası Daha az

RIDVAN AKYOL

Makale/Derleme | 2022 | Oral Radiology38 ( 4 ) , pp.575 - 585

Objective The aim of this study is to assess the mandibular bone structures of multiple myeloma (MM) patients on panoramic radiographs using fractal analysis (FA) and radio-morphometric indices. Methods The study group consisted of 67 MM patients, and the control group consisted of 67 individuals without any systemic disease. The mandibular cortical index (MCI) classifcation, antegonial index (AGI), gonial index (GI), mandibular cortical width (MCW), panoramic mandibular index (PMI) and fractal dimensions (FD) were evaluated on panoramic radiographs. FD measurements were made by identifying 4 related areas. Shapiro–Wilk test was use . . .d to determine the normal distribution of the data. Chi-square and independent t tests were used to compare the fndings between the two groups. Results The FD values of the study group in ROI1, ROI2, ROI3, ROI4 regions and GI values were found to be statistically signifcantly lower than the control group (p0.05). While C1 was the most common type in the control group, C2 was the most common type in the study group. C2 and C3 were detected more in the study group than in the control group ( Daha fazlası Daha az

Rıdvan AKYOL

Makale/Derleme | 2023 | Oral Radiology23 ( 1 ) , pp.713 - 717

Objective The aim of this study is to compare the pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 dental radiological fndings of individuals with positive rRT-PCR test results and with healthy controls using the apical periodontitis grade scale (APGS), radiographic-based periodontal bone loss (R-PBL), and radiographic DMFT indices, and to investigate the relatively longterm dental efects of COVID-19. Methods This study included people who had two panoramic radiographs taken between 2018 and 2022. There are 52 patients with positive rRT-PCR tests in the study group. The control group included 50 individuals. Study and control groups were compared usi . . .ng the apical periodontitis grade scale (APGS), radiographic-based periodontal bone loss (R-PBL), and radiographic DMFT indices. Results Although results showed a signifcant diference in percentage R-PBL value and R-PBL types in the study group, there was no signifcant diference in percentage R-PBL value and R-PBL types in the control group. Also, both groups showed a signifcant diference in the DMFT index. Conclusions According to the results of this study, it can be said that COVID-19 increases the incidence of periodontitis, and it can be interpreted that the pandemic may adversely afect the general oral health of all people Daha fazlası Daha az

Bertan KESİM | Mustafa Öner KÜÇÜK

Makale/Derleme | 2023 | Clinical Oral Investigations27 ( 3 ) , pp.995 - 1004

Abstract Objectives To compare the root canal microbiome profiles of primary and persistent/secondary infections using highthroughput sequencing with the help of a reliable bioinformatics algorithm. Materials and methods Root canal samples of 10 teeth in the primary endodontic infection (PEI) group and 10 teeth in the persistent/secondary endodontic infection (SEI) group were included resulting in a total of 20 samples. After DNA extraction from the samples, sequencing was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Pair-end Illumina reads were imported to QIIME 2; amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) generated by DADA2 were mapped to Gr . . .eenGenes database. Weighted UniFrac distances were calculated and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) was used to compare beta diversity patterns. The multiple response permutation procedure (MRPP), the analysis of similarities (ANOSIM), and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (adonis) were conducted for testing group differences. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis was utilized to identify differentially abundant taxa between the groups. The linear discriminant analysis (LDA) score threshold was set to 4.0. Results Within the Gram-negative facultative anaerobic Gammaproteobacteria class outgroup, two orders (Pasteurellales, Vibrionales) and two families (Pasteurellaceae, Vibrionaceae) were significantly more abundant in the PEI group, whereas Gram-positive bacteria, Actinomycetales order, and Gram-positive anaerobic taxa, one genus (Olsenella) and one species (Olsenella uli), were identified as significantly more abundant in the SEI group. Conclusions A few taxa were differentially abundant within either the PEI or SEI group. Clinical relevance Reliable bioinformatic tools are needed to define microbial profiles of endodontic infections. Based on a limited number of samples, no distinct variation was determined between the bacterial diversity of initial and recurrent endodontic infections Daha fazlası Daha az

Bertan KESİM

Makale/Derleme | 2023 | Annals Of Clinical And Analytical Medicine14 ( 6 ) , pp.521 - 524

Abstract Aim: Apical periodontitis is the inflammatory destruction of periradicular tissues that occurs gradually over time, primarily originating from invading bacteria in the root canal system and initiated by the release of bacterial products. In this study, the prevalence of post-treatment apical periodontitis was assessed with cone-beam computed tomography imaging and the effects of tooth-level and patient-level factors that may predict the failure of root canal treatment were investigated in a Turkish subpopulation. Material and Methods: Our study included 305 cone-beam computed tomography images of patients (153 males, 152 fe . . .males aged 18 to 78 years) [Mean ± standard deviation (SD) = 39.2 ± 17.6]. Results: Post-treatment apical periodontitis prevalence was 83.3% and was more common in the premolars (9.5%), the mandible (11.8%), and the left side of the jaw (11.8%). Discussion: This study showed a high prevalence of post-treatment apical periodontitis in a Turkish subpopulation even in cases in which the quality of root canal filling appeared to be sufficient radiologically. Cone-beam computed tomography is one of the most sensitive imaging techniques for the detection of apical periodontitis. Keywords Apical Periodontitis, Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Root-Canal Fillin Daha fazlası Daha az

Bülent AYKUTOĞLU

Makale/Derleme | 2020 | Motivation and Emotion44 ( 2 ) , pp.209 - 225

In the present study we examined whether basic psychological need frustration is related to poor sleep quality and risky cholesterol levels using National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) data sets. We first constructed autonomy, competence and relatedness frustration scales from the items used in the MIDUS survey and validated its factor structure in a pilot study (N = 287). An exploratory factor analysis showed that the selected items loaded on to the respective need frustration subscales of basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration scale. Next, a confirmatory factor analysis with MIDUS II dat . . .a (N = 3929) provided further evidence for construct validity with a clear three factor structure. After creating the scale, we used MIDUS II and the follow-up Biomarkers study data (N = 996) to examine whether frustration of basic needs prospectively predicts poor sleep quality and risky cholesterol levels. Path analyses indicated that frustration of basic needs predicted poor subjective sleep quality after 2 years, controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, income level, suspected or confirmed heart disease, and Body Mass Index (BMI). However, data from participants who also provided objective sleep quality measures via actigraphy (N = 269) showed no direct effect of need frustration on objective sleep quality. Mediation analyses indicated that frustration of basic needs predicted poor subjective and objective sleep quality after 2 years, via anxious arousal. Regarding cholesterol outcomes, logistic regression analyses indicated that frustration of basic needs increased the odds of having risky high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, after controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, income level, suspected or confirmed heart disease, and Body Mass Index (BMI) Daha fazlası Daha az

Bülent AYKUTOĞLU

Makale/Derleme | 2016 | Perspectives on Psychological Science11 ( 5 ) , pp.750 - 764

Finkel, Rusbult, Kumashiro, and Hannon (2002, Study 1) demonstrated a causal link between subjective commitment to a relationship and how people responded to hypothetical betrayals of that relationship. Participants primed to think about their commitment to their partner (high commitment) reacted to the betrayals with reduced exit and neglect responses relative to those primed to think about their independence from their partner (low commitment). The priming manipulation did not affect constructive voice and loyalty responses. Although other studies have demonstrated a correlation between subjective commitment and responses to betra . . .yal, this study provides the only experimental evidence that inducing changes to subjective commitment can causally affect forgiveness responses. This Registered Replication Report (RRR) meta-analytically combines the results of 16 new direct replications of the original study, all of which followed a standardized, vetted, and preregistered protocol. The results showed little effect of the priming manipulation on the forgiveness outcome measures, but it also did not observe an effect of priming on subjective commitment, so the manipulation did not work as it had in the original study. We discuss possible explanations for the discrepancy between the findings from this RRR and the original study Daha fazlası Daha az