Comparison of mutations in TP53 and NOTCH driver pathways in oral cancer patients by Cisplatin and Paclitaxel use

Objectives: The major driver pathways in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have been identified as NOTCH and TP53 in integrated studies performed as comprehensive genomic analyses of gene expression, copy number, methylation, and point mutations. The aim of this study was to compare the mutations of Cisplatin and Paclitaxel, which are used in the main treatment of OSCC, on the TP53 and NOTCH driver pathways. Materials and Methods: In the study, the "cBioPortal for Cancer Genomic" tool was used as a data collection tool. Data were obtained from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) data portal. Data obtained from 1476 patients and 1478 samples from 6 different studies were downloaded. A total of 143 patients who did not receive radiotherapy using Cisplatin and Paclitaxel were included in the study. The Fischer test was applied to compare the differences between mutations occurring as missense, truncating, inframe, and splice. For content and content validity, the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure automatically applied by cBioPortal was followed. Results: Cisplatin was used by 68.5% and Paclitaxel by 32.5% of the participants. It was reported that 70.97% mutation in TP53 and 23.66% mutation in NOTCH occurred in patients using Cisplatin. In patients using Paclitaxel, it was reported that 50% mutation occurred in TP53 and 10% mutation occurred in NOTCH. While a statistically significant difference was found in TP53 driver pathway (p=0.0291), no significant difference was found in the NOTCH driver pathway (p=0.0773). The most common mutation occurred in the form of misreading with a rate of 56% in patients using Cisplatin, and 58% in patients using Paclitaxel. Conclusion: These results showed that the use of Cisplatin and Paclitaxel had no effect on the NOTCH driver pathway, but had an effect on the TP53 driver pathway, which is one of the functional pathways at risk of developing OSCC. Therefore, it is important that the studies planned to be carried out at the molecular level be planned with multi-omic studies within the framework of system biology principles.