The Validity of the Tourism-induced EKC Hypothesis: The Case of Turkey

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dc.contributor.authorKılavuz, Emine
dc.contributor.authorOralhan, Burcu
dc.contributor.authorSarıgül, Sevgi Sumerli
dc.contributor.authorUluğ, Eyup Emre
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-24T16:23:48Z
dc.date.available2025-02-24T16:23:48Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentNuh Naci Yazgan
dc.description.abstractThis paper examines the existence of relationship between international tourist arrivals (TA), and Carbon dioxide emissions per capita (CO2) in Turkey over the period 1960-2015. We also use energy use per capita (EU) and GDP per capita (GDP) as a control variables. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test approach was applied to analyze the long-run relationship among the variables. The results confirmed the validity of the tourism-induced Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. An increased tourism demand increases environmental pollution up to a point where the sector attains a certain development level, after which emissions begin to fall. On the other hand, the results indicate that the EKC hypothesis between income and CO2 emissions has not been confirmed. Energy usage has positive and significant effects on carbon dioxide emissions as expected. For sustainable tourism and to the reduction of emissions in Turkey, environmental protection and the use of renewable energy should be supported by policy makers.
dc.description.abstractThis paper examines the existence of relationship between international tourist arrivals (TA), and Carbon dioxide emissions per capita (CO2) in Turkey over the period 1960-2015. We also use energy use per capita (EU) and GDP per capita (GDP) as a control variables. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test approach was applied to analyze the long-run relationship among the variables. The results confirmed the validity of the tourism-induced Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. An increased tourism demand increases environmental pollution up to a point where the sector attains a certain development level, after which emissions begin to fall. On the other hand, the results indicate that the EKC hypothesis between income and CO2 emissions has not been confirmed. Energy usage has positive and significant effects on carbon dioxide emissions as expected. For sustainable tourism and to the reduction of emissions in Turkey, environmental protection and the use of renewable energy should be supported by policy makers.
dc.identifier.doi10.54821/uiecd.1033651
dc.identifier.endpage138
dc.identifier.issn2718-0247
dc.identifier.issn2718-0247
dc.identifier.issue2
dc.identifier.startpage124
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.54821/uiecd.1033651
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14440/258
dc.identifier.volume3
dc.language.isotr
dc.publisherMesut DOĞAN
dc.relation.ispartofUluslararası İşletme ve Ekonomi Çalışmaları Dergisi
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_DergiPark_20250383
dc.subjectTourism
dc.subjectEKC hypothesis
dc.subjectARDL bounds testing to cointegration
dc.subjectTurkey
dc.subjectTourism
dc.subjectEKC hypothesis
dc.subjectARDL bounds testing to cointegration
dc.subjectTurkey
dc.titleThe Validity of the Tourism-induced EKC Hypothesis: The Case of Turkey
dc.title.alternativeThe Validity of the Tourism-induced EKC Hypothesis: The Case of Turkey
dc.typeArticle

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