The Validity of the Tourism-induced EKC Hypothesis: The Case of Turkey

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Tarih

2021

Dergi Başlığı

Dergi ISSN

Cilt Başlığı

Yayıncı

Mesut DOĞAN

Erişim Hakkı

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Özet

This paper examines the existence of relationship between international tourist arrivals (TA), and Carbon dioxide emissions per capita (CO2) in Turkey over the period 1960-2015. We also use energy use per capita (EU) and GDP per capita (GDP) as a control variables. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test approach was applied to analyze the long-run relationship among the variables. The results confirmed the validity of the tourism-induced Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. An increased tourism demand increases environmental pollution up to a point where the sector attains a certain development level, after which emissions begin to fall. On the other hand, the results indicate that the EKC hypothesis between income and CO2 emissions has not been confirmed. Energy usage has positive and significant effects on carbon dioxide emissions as expected. For sustainable tourism and to the reduction of emissions in Turkey, environmental protection and the use of renewable energy should be supported by policy makers.

This paper examines the existence of relationship between international tourist arrivals (TA), and Carbon dioxide emissions per capita (CO2) in Turkey over the period 1960-2015. We also use energy use per capita (EU) and GDP per capita (GDP) as a control variables. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test approach was applied to analyze the long-run relationship among the variables. The results confirmed the validity of the tourism-induced Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. An increased tourism demand increases environmental pollution up to a point where the sector attains a certain development level, after which emissions begin to fall. On the other hand, the results indicate that the EKC hypothesis between income and CO2 emissions has not been confirmed. Energy usage has positive and significant effects on carbon dioxide emissions as expected. For sustainable tourism and to the reduction of emissions in Turkey, environmental protection and the use of renewable energy should be supported by policy makers.

Açıklama

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tourism, EKC hypothesis, ARDL bounds testing to cointegration, Turkey, Tourism, EKC hypothesis, ARDL bounds testing to cointegration, Turkey

Kaynak

Uluslararası İşletme ve Ekonomi Çalışmaları Dergisi

WoS Q Değeri

Scopus Q Değeri

Cilt

3

Sayı

2

Künye