Yerel yönetimlerde çocuk katılımının incelenmesi: Ankara ve İstanbul büyükşehir belediyelerinin çocuk meclisleri
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Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Nuh Naci Yazgan Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bir toplumun geleceği, o toplumda çocukluk döneminin nasıl geçirildiği, çocukların düşüncelerinin ne derecede dikkate alındığı ve çocukların ne kadar değer görerek büyüdükleri ile önemli derecede ilintilidir. Çocuk katılımı, çocuk haklarına saygı duyulan toplulukları oluşturma sürecinin "özüdür". Ülkemizde 1995 yılında yürürlüğe giren Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi'nden sonra gündeme gelen çocuk meclisleri, çocukların katılım haklarını kullanabilecekleri bir platformu oluşturmakta ancak bu meclislerin yerel yönetimler içinde yapılandırılmış ve kurulmuş olması ise tek başına ideal çocuk katılımının gerçekleştirildiğine dair bir göstergeyi oluşturmamaktadır. Bu çerçevede Ankara ve İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyelerinde örgütlenmiş olan çocuk meclislerinin, örnek olay incelemesi ve karşılaştırma yöntemiyle kıyaslamalı analiz yapılarak çocuk katılımı konusundaki yeterliliklerinin değerlendirilmesi bu tez çalışmanın amacını oluşturmuştur. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çocuk meclisi yetkilileri ve meclis üyesi çocuklarla nitel analiz yöntemi olan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yöntemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Literatür taraması ve bilgi edinme başvuruları çerçevesinde verilere ulaşılmaya çalışılmış, büyükşehir belediyelerinin kurumsal resmi raporları taranmış; ayrıca çocuk meclislerine yönelik sosyal medya ve basın taraması yapılmış ve meclislerin web sayfaları, yasal dayanakları, faaliyet raporları ve meclis kararları incelenmiştir. Bunun yanında katılım açısından saptanan 'yeterlilik kriterleri' çerçevesinde de çocuk meclislerinin katılım konusundaki yeterliliklerinin analiz edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Roger Hart'ın katılım merdivenine göre belediyelerin çocuk meclislerindeki katılım düzeyinin hangi basamakta bulunduğu değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi Çocuk Meclisi'nin çocuk katılımı konusunda önemli bir aşama kaydetmiş olduğu, İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Çocuk Meclisi'nin ise katılım, çocuk hakları ve demokratik ilkeler konusunda geliştirilmesi gereken yönlerinin bulunduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
The future of a society is significantly related to how childhood is spent in that society, the degree to which children's thoughts are considered, and how much value children grow up with. Child participation is the "essence"of the process of creating communities where children's rights are respected. Child councils, which came to the agenda after the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which came into force in 1995 in our country, constitute a platform where children can exercise their participation rights, but the fact that these councils are structured and established within local governments alone does not constitute an indication that ideal child participation is realized. In this framework, the aim of this thesis is to evaluate the competencies of child councils organized in Ankara and Istanbul Metropolitan Municipalities by making comparative analysis with case study and comparison method. For this purpose, a semi-structured interview method, which is a qualitative analysis method, has been carried out with child council officials and councilor children. The data were tried to be reached within the framework of literature scanning and information retrieval applications, and corporate official reports of metropolitan municipalities were scanned; In addition, social media and press screening for child councils were made and web pages, legal basis, annual reports and council decisions of the councils were examined. In addition, within the framework of the 'qualification criteria' determined in terms of participation, it is aimed to analyze the competencies of the child councils regarding participation. According to Roger Hart's participation ladder, it was tried to evaluate the level of participation of municipalities in child councils. At the end of the research, it was concluded that the Ankara Metropolitan Municipality children's Assembly has achieved an important stage in child participation, while the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality children's Assembly has aspects that need to be developed in the field of participation, children's rights and democratic principles.
The future of a society is significantly related to how childhood is spent in that society, the degree to which children's thoughts are considered, and how much value children grow up with. Child participation is the "essence"of the process of creating communities where children's rights are respected. Child councils, which came to the agenda after the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which came into force in 1995 in our country, constitute a platform where children can exercise their participation rights, but the fact that these councils are structured and established within local governments alone does not constitute an indication that ideal child participation is realized. In this framework, the aim of this thesis is to evaluate the competencies of child councils organized in Ankara and Istanbul Metropolitan Municipalities by making comparative analysis with case study and comparison method. For this purpose, a semi-structured interview method, which is a qualitative analysis method, has been carried out with child council officials and councilor children. The data were tried to be reached within the framework of literature scanning and information retrieval applications, and corporate official reports of metropolitan municipalities were scanned; In addition, social media and press screening for child councils were made and web pages, legal basis, annual reports and council decisions of the councils were examined. In addition, within the framework of the 'qualification criteria' determined in terms of participation, it is aimed to analyze the competencies of the child councils regarding participation. According to Roger Hart's participation ladder, it was tried to evaluate the level of participation of municipalities in child councils. At the end of the research, it was concluded that the Ankara Metropolitan Municipality children's Assembly has achieved an important stage in child participation, while the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality children's Assembly has aspects that need to be developed in the field of participation, children's rights and democratic principles.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kamu Yönetimi, Public Administration
