Türkiye'de siyasal liberalizm eleştirisi: Turgut Özal dönemi (1983-1989)
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Nuh Naci Yazgan Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Liberalizm bütün ideolojilerin üzerinde üst bir ideoloji olarak kabul edilmekle beraber hem bir ekonomik sistem hem de bir ideolojidir. Günümüzde liberalizm dünyanın belirli ülkelerine yayılmış ve kabul görmüş bir ideolojidir. Özellikle Batı toplumlarında 1980'lerden sonra gitgide yaygınlaşan, dünya görüşü haline gelen liberalizm, zamanla Türkiye'yi de etkisi altına almaya başlamış. Türkiye'de liberalizm söz konusu olduğu zaman ilk olarak akla Turgut Özal gelmektedir. Özal, liberal politikaları gerçek manada Türkiye'ye getiren kişi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Özal, devletçilikten ziyade özelleştirmeye, serbest ekonomiye ve neo-liberal politikalara önem vermiştir. 1980 askeri darbesi sonrası devlet içerisinde değiştirilmesini ön gördüğü politikalara dair adımları atmaya başlayan Özal, liberal Türkiye arzusunu hayata geçirmeye kararlı bir şekilde başlangıç yapmıştır. Yapılan yenilikler birçok kesim tarafından kabul görürken, belirli kesimler tarafında da eleştiri yağmuruna tutulmuştur. Bu tezde ilk olarak liberalizmin tanımı, unsurları ve Batı'da gelişimi üzerinde durulmaktadır. İkinci bölümde; Cumhuriyet döneminden, Turgut Özal dönemine kadar liberalizmin gelişimi değerlendirilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde Özal ve siyasal liberalizm anlayışından bahsedilmiş ve liberalizme bağlı olarak Özal'ın ideolojiye ve devlete bakışı değerlendirilmiştir. Son bölümde ise, Özal dönemi liberal politikalar ve Özal sonrası dönemde liberal politikalar incelenmiştir. Devamında, görüşmeler sonucunda elde edilen bilgiler aktarılmıştır. Literatür araştırmaları içerisinde, Özal dönemine ilişkin eleştirilere çok fazla yer verilmediği görülmüştür.
Although liberalism is accepted as a superior ideology above all ideologies, it is both an economic system and an ideology. Today, liberalism is an ideology that has spread and accepted all over the world. Liberalism, which became more and more widespread especially in Western societies after the 1980s and became a world view, started to influence Turkey over time. When it comes to liberalism in Turkey, Turgut Özal comes to mind first. Özal is considered to be the person who brought liberal policies to Turkey in real terms. Özal gave importance to privatization, free economy and neoliberal policies rather than statism. After the 1980 military coup, Özal started to take the steps regarding the policies that he foresees to be changed in the state, and started to realize his desire for a liberal Turkey. While the innovations made were accepted by many segments, they were also criticized by certain segments. In this thesis, firstly, the definition of liberalism, its elements and its development in the West are emphasized. In the second part; The development of liberalism from the Republican period to the period of Turgut Özal has been evaluated. In the third chapter, Özal and his understanding of political liberalism are mentioned and Özal's view of ideology and state, depending on liberalism, is evaluated. In the last part, liberal policies in the Özal period and liberal policies in the post-Ozal period are examined. Subsequently, the information obtained as a result of the interviews was conveyed. It has been observed that the criticisms of Özal's period are not included much in the literature research. Key words: Liberalism, Turgut Özal, Political Liberalism.
Although liberalism is accepted as a superior ideology above all ideologies, it is both an economic system and an ideology. Today, liberalism is an ideology that has spread and accepted all over the world. Liberalism, which became more and more widespread especially in Western societies after the 1980s and became a world view, started to influence Turkey over time. When it comes to liberalism in Turkey, Turgut Özal comes to mind first. Özal is considered to be the person who brought liberal policies to Turkey in real terms. Özal gave importance to privatization, free economy and neoliberal policies rather than statism. After the 1980 military coup, Özal started to take the steps regarding the policies that he foresees to be changed in the state, and started to realize his desire for a liberal Turkey. While the innovations made were accepted by many segments, they were also criticized by certain segments. In this thesis, firstly, the definition of liberalism, its elements and its development in the West are emphasized. In the second part; The development of liberalism from the Republican period to the period of Turgut Özal has been evaluated. In the third chapter, Özal and his understanding of political liberalism are mentioned and Özal's view of ideology and state, depending on liberalism, is evaluated. In the last part, liberal policies in the Özal period and liberal policies in the post-Ozal period are examined. Subsequently, the information obtained as a result of the interviews was conveyed. It has been observed that the criticisms of Özal's period are not included much in the literature research. Key words: Liberalism, Turgut Özal, Political Liberalism.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kamu Yönetimi, Public Administration, Liberalizm, Turgut Özal, Siyasal Liberalizm.
