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Öğe Determining the effect of diet to stop hypertension (dash) and salt-free diet on blood pressure in hypertension patients(2021) Başmısırlı, Eda; Şahin, H.Rationale: Hypertension is a serious medical condition and can increase the risk of heart, brain, kidney and other diseases. Accordingt to the World Heart Organisation (WHO): It is a major cause of premature death worldwide, with upwards of 1 in 4 men and 1 in 5 women (over a billion people) having the condition This study, which was planned as a randomized controlled intervention study, was conducted to compare the effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and salt-free diet on blood pressure in patients with hypertension.Öğe The effect of perioperative immunonutrition on surgical complications and quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer(2021) Başmısırlı, Eda; Şahin, H.Rationale: This intervention study, which was planned as a prospective randomized controlled, was conducted to compare the effects of periop erative nutritional support with immunonutrition and standard enteral products on postoperative complications and quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods: Between April February 2019 and February 2021, the study was conducted in Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine and Kayseri City Hospital Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery Clinic with 34 hospital ized patients with a diagnosis of HNC. Five days before surgery and 10 days postoperatively, immunonutrition support was given to the intervention group (n¼17), and standard enteral nutrition support was given to the control group (n¼17). Five days before surgery, 10th and 40th post operative days; body analyzes were made, food consumption records were taken, Nutritional Risk Score (NRS) -2002 and quality of life scales (EORTC QLQ-C30, EORTC QLQ-H & N35) were applied, biochemical parameters, complications, length of hospital stay and nutritional support has been recorded. Results: Although there was no difference in energy intake between the intervention and control groups on the preoperative and 10th post operative day, protein intake was significantly higher in the intervention group on the 10th postoperative day (p0.05). The NRS-2002 scores of the inter vention and control groups increased on the 10th postoperative day (2.65±1.37, 3.18±1.13, respectively) compared to the preoperative period (2.0±1.28, 2.65±1.37, respectively), and decreased again on the 40th day (2.06±1.30, 2.71±1.31, respectively, p>0.05). Serum albumin levels decreased on the 10th postoperative day compared to the preoperative period, both in the intervention group (3.86±0.51 mg/dL) and in the control group (3.60±0.41 mg/dL, p0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, compared to the perioperative standard enteral nutritional support, immunonutrition support provides an improvement in some components of quality of life scales. However, it has been shown that studies with longer follow-up and larger samples are required to observe its effect on complications. Disclosure of Interest: None declaredÖğe Digital accounting and gender discrimination(2022) Oralhan, Burcu; Yılmaz, Seher; Göçmen, Ayşe Yeşim; Karataş, Ersin; Akyüz, EnesDigital technologies can process data much faster and more reliably than humans. Therefore, businesses must ensure a radical transformation in their infrastructure in order to keep up with the competitive environment. When establishing an accounting information system in enterprises, it should be ensured that the system can produce complete and uninterrupted information. However, one consequence of the digitalization process in accounting information systems is that the need for accounting personnel tends to decrease day by day. The aim of this study is to examine the digital developments in accounting and financial consultancy services and to emphasize the need for accounting engineering, which can contribute the most to these developments In this context, the structure and consequences of gender differences of individuals working in the accounting profession were examined.Öğe A new method based on artificial bee colony programming for the regional standardized intensity–duration?frequency relationship(2022) Haktanır, Tefaruk; Görkemli, Beyza; Çıtakoğlu, Hatice; Karaboğa, DervişThe aim of this study was to develop new analytical models to defne the regional rainfall intensity?duration?frequency (IDF) relationship for the Inland Anatolia Region, which is determined discretely by the L-Moments method at many values of rainfall durations and frequencies. First, the parameters of each one of nine commonly used empirical equations were calibrated to provide the best possible defnition of the IDF relationship for the Inland Anatolia Region. Next, analytical models best ftted to the IDF relationship of the L-Moments method were generated by the artifcial bee colony programming (ABCP) approach, such that a combination of nine diferent sets were simulated, taking into account three cost functions and three maximum depths. Mean absolute error, root mean square error, mean square error, Nash–Sutclife efciency coefcient, Willmott’s refned index, performance index, and coefcient of determination were computed to assess the accuracies of the empirical equations and of the ABCP models. These criteria revealed that the ABCP models defned the IDF relationship better than the empirical equations over the entire range of frequencies from 2 to 10,000 years. The accuracy of the empirical equations is much worse than the ABCP model, especially for frequencies smaller than 2000 years. Finally, Kruskal?Wallis tests were applied on all of the IDF relationships given by (1) the L-Moments method, (2) the empirical equations, and (3) the ABCP approach. These results indicated that the numerical values of these three models were from the same population.Öğe The Determination of Burn out Levels and Sleep Periods in People among the Physiotherapist Profession(Annals of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy, 2023) Açık, Cihangir; Fırat, Yağmur YaşarThe aim of this study is to determine the burnout levels and daytime sleepiness of the physiotherapists who are actively working in the field. In this study, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which was developed by Maslach, translated into Turkish by Ergin and studied in terms of validity and reliability, was used. In addition, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), regarded as a valid and reliable test of high internal consistency, was used for eight different conditions that could be used in sleep and sleep disorders in Turkey. The effects of income, marital status, place of residence, age, social security, gender, and smoking on the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, the subscales of Maslach Burnout Inventory, were not observed in the physiotherapists. Meanwhile, no relation was observed in the physiotherapists between the sleepiness status assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and age, social security, marital status, income level, and smoking. The rate of sleepiness in women, on the other hand, was found to be increased. It was observed that the difference in terms of the place of residence was due to the differences between the city and the districtÖğe Does cultural structure affect sexuality and marital adjustment in infertil women?(Taylor & Francis, 2025) Bayraktar, Evrim; Kaya Erten, Zeliha; Uludağ, Zeki SemihThe place of infertility and infertility in culture is an important factor affecting the sexual and marital adjustment of individuals. The study aimed to examine how cultural structure affects sexuality and marital adjustment in infertile women with mixed methods. The quantitative part of the study was completed with 178 infertile women and in-depth interviews were conducted with 6 women in the qualitative part. Quantitative data were collected with the Patient Information Form, DAS and SQOL-F, MSPSS and qualitative data were collected with the in-depth interview form. There was a significant relationship between the years of marriage and the duration of infertility and the scale scores. In addition, infertile women stated that the cultural structure and the environment they lived in had a great impact on them. Health professionals should counsel individuals in improving the quality of life based on infertility and infertility-related problems and in resolving intra-family communication and sexual problems that significantly impair marital relationships.Öğe Health-Related Quality of Life and Metabolic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus(Galenos Publ House, 2016) Caferoglu, Zeynep; İnanç, Neriman; Hatipoglu, Nihal; Kurtoglu, SelimObjective: The burdens imposed on a child and his/her parents by a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) adversely affect their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). HRQoL is important for prognosis and is related to metabolic control. To evaluate the HRQoL of Turkish children and adolescents with T1DM and to assess the correlation of HRQoL subscales (including physical and psychosocial health) with metabolic control, and particularly with hypo-and hyperglycaemic episodes. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 70 participants with T1DM aged between 8 and 18 years (study group) and 72 healthy controls who were matched to the study group in terms of age, gender, and sociodemographic characteristics (control group), and their parents. HRQoL was determined by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. As an indicator of metabolic control, the most recent hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were obtained and the number of hypo-and hyperglycaemic episodes over the past one month were checked. Results: The study group had similar HRQoL scores for children's self-reports to the control group apart from a decreasing psychosocial health score for parents' proxy-reports in the study group. Although HbA1c level was not related to HRQoL scores, lower number of hypo-and hyperglycaemic episodes were associated with an increase in psychosocial health scores and physical health scores as well as an increase in the total score for parents' proxy-reports. Conclusion: Although there was no correlation between metabolic control and HRQoL in children's self-reports, the improving HRQoL levels in parents' proxy-reports were associated with good metabolic control.Öğe Correlation between the expressions of leptin and its receptors (ObR, sObR) in gastric cancer(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2016) Cakir, Isil; Kilic, Eser; Coskun, Banu Demet Ozel; Cakir, Nuri; Savaşçıhabeş, AsumanObjective: The expressions of leptin and its receptor (ObR) have been observed in human gastric cancer (GC) tissue. Leptin can promote the proliferation of GC cells. However, the correlation between leptin and ObR expressions in GC and the role of gastric ObR protein levels in patients with GC is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between leptin, gastric ObR protein and soluble leptin receptor (sObR) levels and whether their possible role of indicator in GC. Methods: Serum leptin, gastric leptin and serum sObR concentrations were determined in 30 male patients with GC and 25 male dyspeptic subjects by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. We analysed the expression of gastric ObR levels in endoscopically obtained biopsy samples by using Western Blotting method. Results: Compared with controls, patients had lower serum leptin and higher gastric tissue leptin levels. sObR protein concentrations of patients were detected significantly higher, gastric ObR protein expression were lower than subjects in control group. Conclusion: Leptin in gastric cancerous region and sObR in circulation are overexpressed in GC. Their expressions are associated with malignancy. Decreased leptin levels, induces the sObR signal in circulation. This negative feedback regulation is also seen in gastric tissue: increased gastric tissue leptin levels inhibits gastric ObR protein expression. Thus, leptin and ObR may be important indicators in GC.Öğe Alexithymia levels in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression and the effect of alexithymia on both severity of depression symptoms and quality of life(Cumhuriyet Univ Tip Fak Psikiyatri Anabilim Dali, 2016) Karayagiz, Saban; Basturk, MustafaObjective: Aims of this study are to compare the alexithymia scores of patients with unipolar depression (UD), bipolar affective disorder depressive episode (BAD-D) and healthy controls, to explore the effects of alexithymia scores on both severity of depression symptoms and quality of life. Methods: Case group of the study is consisted of one hundred and eighteen UD diagnosed, forty eight BAD-depression diagnosed patients, based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. Control group of the study is consisted of ninety six people who had no history of psychiatric disease. Overall, 262 people had involved in the study. Sociodemographic and Clinical Data Form, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRDS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and SF-36 Quality of Life Scale are used for acquiring information of the patients. Results: Mean of age, gender, marital status, place for living, level of income of UD, BAD-D and control groups were similar. Statistically significant differences were observed in between UD, BAD-D and control groups, in terms of HRDS, TAS-20 and SF-36 scores. Mean group scores of UD and BAD-D group were higher than controls, in terms of all scales. However, mean points of UD and BAD-D groups were similar in terms of four scales. Patients with UD and BAD-D had positive relationship with TAS-20, BRDS and BDI; negative relationship between SF-36, significantly. In conclusion, it is found that alexithymia scores of UD and BAD-D groups were higher; quality of life scores were lower than controls. It is also observed that patients with higher alexithymia scores have more severe depressive symptoms and having a less sense of quality of life. Although our findings indicate that presense of alexithymia is important in depressive disorders, however no difference were found between alexithymia scores in patients with UD and BAD-D. Discussion: Alexithymia scores of all groups had positively related with depression, negatively related with quality of life. Our findings showed that, alexithymia is an important factor to the diagnosis of depressive disorders, however alexithymia is not a marker to make differential diagnosis of BAD-D and UD.Öğe An Experimental Approach to Word Order in Turkish Sign Language(Ahmet Yesevi Univ, 2020) Arik, EnginThe present study offers an experimental linguistic perspective to investigate word order in sign languages, focusing particularly on word order in Turkish Sign Language (Turk Isaret Dili-TID), one of the oldest, yet relatively understudied, sign languages. Two experiments were conducted to investigate TID signers' acceptability judgments of various orders of linguistic forms in a sentence. Experiment 1 consisted of 26 intransitive sentences with a 2x2 (SV vs. VS; Human vs. Animal) within-subjects design whereas Experiment 2 consisted of 28 transitive sentences with a 3x2 (Subject order: First vs. Middle vs. Last; Object order: Object-before-Verb vs. Object-after-Verb) within-subjects design. Both experiments asked native TID signers (n=8 and n=6, respectively) to rate sentences using 5-point Likert scales. Results from Experiment 1 showed that there was a significant main effect of Sign Order, indicating that participants gave significantly higher ratings to SV order over VS order. There was no main effect of Subject Type but an interaction between Sign Order and Subject Type. Results from Experiment 2 showed a significant main effect of object-verb order indicating that participants' ratings for the Object-before-Verb order were significantly higher than those for the Verb-before-Object order. In Experiment 2, there was no significant main effect of subject order or interaction. These findings suggested that TID has a preference for SV and OV over other possible orders.Öğe Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices About Wet-Nursing and Human Milk Banking in Kayseri, Turkey(Erciyes Univ Sch Medicine, 2018) Yılmaz, Müge; Aykut, Mualla; Şahin, Habibe; Ongan, Dilek; Balcı, Elçin; Gün, İskender; Öztürk, AhmetObjective: The aim of the present study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices of mothers about wet-nursing and human milk banking in Kayseri, Turkey. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the family healthcare centers of four community health care centers in Kayseri Province. The questionnaire form was fulfilled with face-to-face interviews of 614 participants. Results: Of the mothers, 88.9% had heard about wet-nursing, 10.9% had a wet-nurse of her own, 5.2% had a wet-nurse of her child, and 5.0% had been a wet-nurse of another child. Wet-nurses were chosen mostly from relatives. Of the mothers, 93.6% stated that they had not heard about milk banking, whereas 97.2% did not know its purpose and services. More than half of the mothers (61.6%) thought human milk banking as a right application, whereas 75.4% of the mothers who thought that it was not right were against it because they believed marriage between foster milk siblings was religiously forbidden. Most of the mothers (79.8%) stated that they could milk for another child, and 56.2% identified that they could donate breast milk to the human milk bank. Conclusion: More than half of the mothers thought that milk banking was a correct application. Mothers who were opposed to milk banking showed religious justifications as reasons. Placing the subjects milk banks and human milk donorship during education on breast milk in hospitals is important in terms of increasing the awareness of mothers.Öğe Does capsaicin have therapeutic benefits in human colon adenocarcinoma? Selection of the most reliable dose via AgNOR(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2020) Nisari, Mustafa; Eroz, RecepBackground/aim: To determine the effect of different doses of capsaicin on AgNOR protein synthesis in human colon adenocarcinoma derivate from colon cancer (Cato-2 cell). Materials and methods: In this experimental study, after the cultured of Caco-2 cell line, the cells are divided into 4 groups as control and different capsaicin exposed doses (25u mu, 50u mu, and 75u mu). Mean AgNOR number and total AgNOR area/nuclear area (TAA/NA) were calculated. Results: A significant differences were detected between control and capsaicin (50u mu) (P = 0.001), between control and capsaicin (75u mu) (P = 0.000), between capsaicin (25u mu) and capsaicin (50u mu) (P = 0.001) and between capsaicin (25u mu) and capsaicin (75u mu) (P = 0.000) for TAA/NA. Also, there were significant differences between control and capsaicin (50u mu) (P = 0.001), between control and capsaicin (75u mu) (P = 0.000), between capsaicin (25u mu) and capsaicin (50u mu) (P = 0.000) and between capsaicin (25u mu) and capsaicin (75u mu) (P = 0.000) for mean AgNOR number. Conclusion: A certain amount of capsaicin has a protective effect against colon adenocarcinoma and the dose concentrations are important for the most reliable treatment.Öğe Analysis of two stage supply chain coordination under fuzzy demand(Gazi Univ, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2019) Torun, Hulya; Canbulut, GülçinIn this study; a two-stage supply chain structure consisting of a supplier and a retailer has been investigated when the demand variable is a fuzzy parameter. Each of the supply chain members has different goals and wants to optimize their performance. Thus coordination between the supply chain members must be confirmed. According to this coordination, supply chains are classified into centralized and decentralized supply chains. For the centralized and decentralized supply chain models, generalized closed-form solutions of optimal order quantity and supply chain members profit functions are obtained using the expected value function and credibility theory when the demand parameter is a fuzzy variable. Then, in addition to the demand fuzziness, when the wholesale price is also considered as a fuzzy variable, supply chain members and supply chain total profits have been obtained for the decentralized supply chain model. Finally, proposed models are analyzed under numerical examples.Öğe A multicenter intertrochanteric fracture study in the elderly: Hemiarthroplasty versus proximal femoral nailing(Turkish Joint Diseases Foundation, 2020) Ekinci, Yakup; Gurbuz, Kaan; Batin, Sabri; Kahraman, Murat; Dogar, Fatih; Erten, Zeliha KayaObjectives: This study aims to compare the clinical and functional results of intertrochanteric femoral fractures treated with bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA) or proximal femoral nailing (PFN) in elderly patients. Patients and methods: This multicenter, prospectively followed-up, retrospectively compared cohort-type study included 308 patients (81 males, 227 females; mean age 78.4 +/- 7.2 years; range, 65 to 95 years) who were treated with BHA or PFN for intertrochanteric fractures by five orthopedic surgeons in four provinces and seven clinics between January 2014 and May 2018. Clinical follow-up was performed at third week, third and sixth months, and at the end of the first and second years. The American Society of Anesthesiologists for preoperative status, Singh index for bone quality, and Harris Hip Score (HHS) for functional outcomes were evaluated. Results: While 156 patients (38 males, 118 females; mean age 77.7 +/- 5.9) were treated with BHA, 152 patients (43 males, 109 females; mean age 79 +/- 6.1) were treated with PFN. While there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of total HHS, a significant difference was found in the sub-parameters (p<0.001). Good and excellent results were found in 78.2% of BHA and 86.2% of PFN patients. Mortality rates were similar at the end of two years (14% and 13.6%, respectively). Conclusion: In general, clinical and functional outcomes of BHA and PFN are similar. The rates of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis are significantly higher in BHA. However, BHA is advantageous in terms of operation time and early weight bearing compared to PFN.Öğe Assessment of motor development using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale in full-term infants(Turkish J Pediatrics, 2020) Kepenek-Varol, Busra; Hosbay, Zeynep; Varol, Selcuk; Torun, EmelThe Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) is a well-known, norm-referenced scale that evaluates the gross motor development of children from birth to 18 months. The aim of the study was to compare the Canadian norms with the AIMS scores of a Turkish sample of infants, and to investigate whether the current reference values of the AIMS are representative for Turkish full-term infants. The study was conducted with 411 Turkish infants of both sexes (195 girls and 216 boys), born with gestational age 38 weeks and older, weighing >= 2500 g at birth. Motor performance of all the cases at different ages were assessed with the AIMS which was used by a physiotherapist. The mean AIMS scores of Turkish infants were compared with the norm values of the original AIMS established in a Canadian sample of infants. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the AIMS scores of Turkish and Canadian infants during the first 18 months of life except at 0-<1 and 2-<3 months of age. The AIMS scores were significantly lower in Turkish infants than in Canadian infants at 0-<1 (p=0.025) and 2-<3 (p=0.042) months of age. In conclusion, the AIMS can be used in Turkish children to assess gross motor development, especially after 4 months of age. However, this paper was presented as a preliminary study to compare AIMS results between Turkish and Canadian infants, and further studies are needed to realize the Turkish validation of AIMS.Öğe Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of king's Parkinson's disease pain scale(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2020) Soyuer, Ferhan; Gultekin, Murat; Cankurtaran, Feyzan; Elmali, FerhanObjective: Pain, a nonmotor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD), affects approximately 40%-85% of patients and adversely affects their daily activities. Therefore, our aim was to establish the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of King's PD Pain Scale (KPDPS) and to make it available for Turkish patients with PD patients. Methods: The first phase of the study involved the translation and adaptation of the KPDPS to Turkish. For the language validity of the scale, a translation back-translation method was applied, and expert's opinion was considered for content validity. In the second stage, the developed Turkish scale was administered to 152 patients with PD. In the study, test-retest was performed in 50 patients for 1 week. Results: The internal consistency value was found as 0.856 in the KPDPS. When the test-retest was performed, the internal consistency value of the scale showed excellent reliability. The test-retest-Cronbach's alpha value for the whole scale was 0.827. According to the data analysis results, it showed that 14 items on the scale were sufficient for the evaluation of pain in patients with PD. Conclusion: The results from this study show that KPDPS items have adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The Turkish KPDPS can be used as a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the pain symptoms common to patients with PD.Öğe Effect of Plan Configuration of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls on the behavior of Flat Slab Buildings(Turkish Chamber Civil Engineers, 2020) Bozer, AliIn this study, the effect of plan configuration of shear walls on the behavior of flat slab building is investigated. For this purpose two seven-story flat slab buildings are designed. In one of the buildings, plan configuration of shear walls is selected symmetrical, whereas in the other building plan configuration is selected to cause torsional irregularity. Seismic performances of both buildings are then investigated by push-over and time-history analyses. It is observed that plan configuration of structural walls has a significant effect on overall ductility of the flat slab buildings.Öğe Assessment of erythrocyte morphology in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pilot study of electron microscopy-based analysis in relation to healthy controls(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Mortas, Tulay; Durmaz, Senay Arikan; Sezen, Saban Cem; Savranlar, YaseminBackground/aim: The present study aimed to assess erythrocyte morphology in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients using scanning electron microscopy. Materials and methods: In total, 30 patients admitted to endocrine outpatient clinics were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to their fasting blood glucose levels: type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 15, fasting blood glucose levels >= 126 mg/dL) and control (n = 15, fasting blood glucose levels < 99 mg/dL). The patient's demographic characteristics, haemoglobin A1c levels, and scanning electron microscopy findings regarding erythrocyte morphology were recorded. Results: There was no significant difference between the control and type 2 diabetes mellitus group in terms of the participants' age (51.13 +/- 8.53 vs. 50.33 +/- 8.72 years, p = 0.8) and the male/female ratio (9/6 vs. 9/6). In the control group, discocytes were abundant, echinocytes were rare, and spherocytes were absent. On the other hand, discocytes were less common and echinocyte-shaped erythrocytes were more common in the type 2 diabetes mellitus group than in the control group. In addition, spherocytes were detected in the type 2 diabetes mellitus group. Moreover, the diameter of discocytes was significantly lower (p = 0.014), and blood glucose and haemoglobin A1c levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05 for both) in the type 2 diabetes mellitus group than in the control group. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that high glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients lead to significant alterations in erythrocyte morphology, including decreased erythrocyte deformability and the formation of echinocytes and spherocytes due to eryptosis. The possibility of decreased erythrocyte deformability due to excessive eryptosis may disturb microcirculation in newly diagnosed, treatment-naive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who do not have any complications.Öğe Genetic Algorithm Application for Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling Problems(Gazi Univ, 2022) Arık, Oğuzhan AhmetIn this paper, permutation flow shop scheduling problems (PFSS) are investigated with a genetic algorithm. PFSS problem is a special type of flow shop scheduling problem. In a PFSS problem, there are n jobs to be processed on m machines in series. Each job has to follow the same machine order and each machine must process jobs in the same job order. The most common performance criterion in the literature is the makespan for permutation scheduling problems. In this paper, a genetic algorithm is applied to minimize the makespan. Taillard's instances including 20, 50, and 100 jobs with 5, 10, and 20 machines are used to define the efficiency of the proposed GA by considering lower bounds or optimal makespan values of instances. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is made for the parameters of the proposed GA and the sensitivity analysis shows that crossover probability does not affect solution quality and elapsed time. Supplementary to the parameter tuning of the proposed GA, we compare our GA with an existing GA in the literature for PFSS problems and our experimental study reveals that our proposed and well-tuned GA outperforms the existing GA for PFSS problems when the objective is to minimize the makespan.Öğe Knowledge of Dental Avulsion Among Emergency Physicians: A Survey Study(Galenos Yayincilik, 2021) Caliskan, Secil; Delikan, Ebru; Kizilaslan, Sena; Ozbek, OzgeAim: Dentoalveolar injuries are complex conditions affecting teeth and surrounding tissues and are frequently seen in children or adolescents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of knowledge on dental avulsion among emergency physicians (EPs). Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was used to investigate EPs' level of knowledge and therapeutic approaches to avulsion. One hundred EPs were included in the study. The questionnaire was mailed to participants, and the data obtained were evaluated. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Our results showed that although EPs frequently encountered dental traumas, their medical education had not included dental emergencies. The knowledge level of dental avulsion of all EPs included in the study was as follows; 24% low, 56% moderate and only 18% high. Conclusion: EPs possessed inadequate knowledge concerning the immediate treatment of dental avulsion. The treatment of avulsion should be included in the medical curriculum. This will result in appropriate emergency treatments in dental avulsion being provided in emergency settings.
