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Öğe A deep learning approach to dental restoration classification from bitewing and periapical radiographs(Quintessence Publishing Co Inc, 2021) Karataş, Özcan; Cakir, Nazire Nurdan; Ozsariyildiz, Saban Suat; Kis, Hatice Cansu; Demirbuğa, Sezer; Gurgan, Cem AbdulkadirObjective: The aim of this study was to examine the success of deep learning-based convolutional neural networks (CNN) in the detection and differentiation of amalgam, composite resin, and metal-ceramic restorations from bitewing and periapical radiographs. Method and materials: Five hundred and fifty bitewing and periapical radiographs were used. Eighty percent of the images were used for training, and 20% were left for testing. Twenty percent of the images allocated for training were then used for validation during learning. The image classification model was based on the application of CNN. The model used Resnet34 architecture, which is pre-trained on the ImageNet dataset. Average sensitivity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated for performance evaluation of the model Results: The model training loss was 0.13, and the validation loss was 0.63. The independent test group result was 0.67. Amalgam AUC was 0.95, composite AUC was 0.95, and metal-ceramic AUC was 1.00. The average AUC was 0.97. The false positive rate in the validation set was 18, the false negative rate was 18, the true positive rate was 60, and the true negative rate was 138. The true positive rate was 0.82 for amalgam, 0.75 for composite, and 0.73 for metal-ceramic. Conclusion: Deep leaming-based CNNs from periapical and bitewing radiographs appear to be a promising technique for the detection and differentiation of restorations.Öğe Dental Çürük ile Mücadelede Antibakteriyel ve Remineralize Edici Etki İçin Nanoteknoloji Kullanımı(2023) Ekrikaya, Semiha; Demirbuğa, SezerDental çürükler günümüzdeki en yaygın kronik hastalıklardan biridir. Diş hekimliğinde nanoteknoloji ile biyofilm asitlerini kontrol ederek ve remineralizasyonu artırarak çürüğü önlemeyi amaçlayan çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Nanoteknolojik yaklaşımlarla geliştirilen materyaller koruyucu diş hekimliği ve restoratif diş hekimliğinde başarılı bir şekilde kullanılabilmektedir. Güncel literatür çalışmalarında çeşitli monomerler ve metal nanopartiküllerinin antibakteriyel ve remineralizasyon kapasiteleri ile ilgili çeşitli araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalarda çeşitli monomerler ve nanopartiküllerin remineralize edici ve antibakteriyel etkinliği kanıtlanmıştır. Bu monomerler ve nanopartiküller dental kompozitler, simanlar, örtücüler, kaideler ve adezivler içerisine dahil edilerek antibakteriyel etkinlik ve remineralizasyon sağlamak için umut vericidir. Bu nedenlerle nanoteknoloji, koruyucu ve restoratif diş hekimliğini önemli ölçüde geliştirme potansiyeline sahiptir. Ancak nanoteknoloji ürünlerinin muhtemel toksisitesi ve dezavantajları ile ilgili bilgi sınırlıdır. Dental materyaller üzerinde nanopartiküllerin uzun süreli antimikrobiyal, toksik, fiziksel ve klinik etkileri daha ileri çalışmalarda araştırılması gerekir.Öğe DTMOS tekniğini kullanarak 0.2V besleme gerilimli ve %97 enerji verimli özel-veya lojik kapı tasarımları(2022) Emir, Recep; Ekrikaya, Semiha; Demirbuğa, Sezer; Avcı, BurhanettinBu çalışmada, Dynamic Threshold-voltage MOSFET (DTMOS) tekniğini kullanarak aşırı düşük besleme gerilimli ve enerji verimli ÖZEL-VEYA lojik kapıları önerilmektedir. Birçok alanda tasarım tekniği olarak kullanılan ancak lojik kapı devresi tasarımında yeterince uygulanmamış DTMOS tekniği tasarım yöntemi olarak bu çalışmada kullanılmaktadır. Önerilen lojik kapıların amacı transistör kanal parametrelerini değiştirmeden DTMOS tekniğini kullanarak besleme gerilimini ve harcanan gücü azaltmaktır. 0.2V besleme geriliminde ve 1GHz çalışma frekansında incelenen üç farklı ÖZEL-VEYA lojik kapısı arasında DTMOS transistörlü tasarımlarda güç tüketimi en düşük 0.228nW değerindedir. Üç lojik kapıda da DTMOS tekniği %97 oranında enerji verimliliği sağlamaktadır. Teorik sonuçlar CMOS 65nm teknolojisini kullanan HSPICE programında doğrulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar düşük gerilim ve enerji verimliliği gerektiren uygulamalarda DTMOS tekniğinin etkili bir yöntem olduğunu göstermektedir.Öğe Effect of Various Surface Treatments Applied on Glass Fiber Post and Universal Adhesives on Microtensile Bond Strength and Investigation of Surface Properties with EDX(Korean Fiber Soc, 2023) Ekrikaya, Semiha; Demirbuğa, Sezer; Kilinc, Nazire Nurdan Cakir; Avci, BurhanettinThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of various surface treatments and universal adhesives on the changes in the glass fiber posts (GFPs) surface and the bond strength between resin cement-post and core composite-post. A total of 20 groups (n = 16) were formed, 10 groups for resin cement and 10 groups for core composite. Various surface treatments, including acid etching and silane application, and two different universal adhesives (Single bond Universal, All Bond Universal) were applied. After various surface treatments and adhesives were applied to the GFPs surface, the surface properties were examined by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. Standard silicone molds were prepared to bond the resin cement and core composite with the GFPs. The serial 1 mm thickness bar was taken from each sample. Microtensile bond strength (& mu;TBS) test was performed and failure modes were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed using a two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests (p = 0.05). The bond strength values of the groups that applied 37% orthophosphoric acid (OPA), silane, and universal adhesive to the GFPs surface before the resin cement and core composite were statistically significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). In the resin cement study, the group using silane and Single Bond Universal showed higher bond strength than the other groups (p < 0.05). Acid etching and silane application before the use of universal adhesives increased the & mu;TBS in both resin cement and core composite groups.Öğe The effect of two different prophylaxis paste applying processes on color stability in-office bleaching: 24-month clinical follow-up(Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Ekrikaya, Semiha; Demirbuğa, SezerObjective The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of applying two different prophylaxis pastes with various protocols on the degree of bleaching and color stability in the office bleaching process with a bleaching agent containing 40% hydrogen peroxide. Material and method The 300 teeth of 15 (9 female, 6 male) patients were included in our study, and 5 different study groups were randomly formed. The bleaching process with Ultradent Opalescence Boost (Ultradent, South Jordan, USA) was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Two different prophylaxis pastes, Ultrapro (Ultradent, Cologne, Germany) and Cleanic (Kerr, Rastatt, Germany), were applied with protocols determined according to the groups. The effect on color stability at 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up was determined using the CIE L* a* b* color system. The changes in the parameters were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA, chi-square, and Tukey test (p > 0.05). Results The evaluation rate of the treatments was 100% at the end of 24 months. Control group 6-month Delta E (0-6) and 12-month Delta E (0-12) values were higher than 24-month Delta E (0-12) values. UU + UU, KC + KC, and UU group 6-month Delta E (0-6) values were higher than 12-month Delta E (0-12) values. In addition, 6-month Delta E (0-6) and 12-month Delta E (0-12) values were higher than 24-month Delta E (0-24) values. KC group 6-month Delta E (0-6) and 12-month Delta E (0-12) values were higher than 24-month Delta E (0-24) values. Control, UU + UU, KC + KC, UU, and KC group Delta E (1-6) values at 6 months were lower than 12-month Delta E (1-12) and 24-month Delta E (1-12) values in all groups. In addition, 12-month Delta E (1-12) values were lower than 24-month Delta E (1-24) values. According to the study data, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups according to the prophylaxis paste and prophylaxis procedure (p > 0.05). However, it was observed that whiteness decreased in all groups over time. Conclusions Discoloration was observed at 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months after bleaching. However, at the end of 24 months, the tooth color was significantly whiter than the initial color.Öğe The influence of different placement techniques on the clinical success of bulk-fill resin composites placed in Class II cavities: a 4-year randomized controlled clinical study(Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Kilinc, Nazire Nurdan Cakir; Demirbuğa, SezerObjective The purpose of this double-blind and split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical success of the placement technique (bulk-filling and incremental techniques) of a bulk-fill resin composite in Class II carious lesions. Materials and methods Two different bulk-fill resin composites, X-tra fil (Voco) and Filtek Bulk Fill (3M ESPE), were used in the bulk-filling and incremental techniques for 20 patients. The study was carried out in 4 groups, with 20 restorations in each group. Restorations were appraised at baseline, 6-month, 2-year, and 4-year recall. World Dental Federation (FDI) and the US Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria were used in the evaluations. The Friedman, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for the statistical analysis. Results At the end of year 4, there was no loss of restoration in any group. According to the USPHS and FDI criteria, there was a difference in the baseline and 4-year in marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration of the restorations (P < 0.05). When Filtek-Bulk was placed as an incremental technique, there was a minor fracture in four restorations (P > 0.05). In addition, Filtek-Bulk showed a color change according to the results based on both the USPHS and FDI criteria (P < 0.05). The difference between the two placement techniques of each resin composite was not significant at the year 4 recall when all criteria were evaluated (P (>) 0.05). Conclusions The 4-year clinical success of the evaluated bulk-fill composites is not dependent on the placement technique used.Öğe Two-year clinical evaluation of Class I composite resin restorations using three adhesive systems: A double-blind randomized clinical trial(2023) Çakır Kılınç, Nazire Nurdan; Demirbuğa, SezerAim: The purpose of this randomized split-mouth clinical study was to assess the effect of three adhesive systems on the 2-year clinical success of Class I composite resin restorations. Methodology: In the treatment of the Class I carious lesions of 20 participants aged 18–24 years with at least three similar carious lesions, three adhesives—Clearfil SE Bond (CSE; Kuraray, Osaka, Japan), Single Bond 2 (SB2; 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA), and Tri-S Bond (TSB; Kuraray, Osaka, Japan)— and a Filtek Z550 nanohybrid composite resin (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) were cured. The baseline and 2-year results of the restorations were assessed according to the World Dental Federation (FDI) and the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. The chi-square test was used to analyze the data obtained. Results: There was no loss of restoration in any group at 2 years. No significant differences were observed in any criteria (marginal staining, fracture retention, secondary caries, and postoperative sensitivity) evaluated except marginal adaptation, in accordance with FDI and USPHS criteria (p > 0.05). At 2 years, SB2 showed the best marginal adaptation, followed by CSE and TBS. There was a statistically significant difference between SB2 and TSB (p ? 0.05). Conclusion: All three adhesive systems can be used successfully in the restoration of Class I carious lesions.
