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    Evaluation of the Efficacy of 2% Chlorhexidine in Combination with Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2020) Kesim, Bertan; Ulger, Seda Tezcan; Topcuoglu, Huseyin Sinan; Aslan, Gonul; Kurnaz, Nurbanu; Sagsen, Burak
    Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the combined effectiveness of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) biofilm. Materials and Methods: The root canals of 66 single-rooted extracted human mandibular premolar teeth (n=66) were enlarged up to a size of 40/0.06 taper and autoclaved. Fifty-nine roots were inoculated with E. faecalis and incubated for 4 weeks, whereas 7 roots served as the negative control group and were filled with sterile brain heart infusion broth. The remaining specimens (n=59) were assigned into 4 experimental groups (n=13) and a positive control group (n=7): CHX via standard needle irrigation (SNI), sodium hypochloride (NaOCl) via SNI, CHX via PUI, NaOCl via PUI and non-treated positive controls. Bacteriological samples were collected before and after the intervention, and microbiological analysis was performed by counting the colony forming units. Reduction in colony count (RCC) between before and after the intervention in each group were compared using One-Way ANOVA. Results: The highest RCC was determined in NaOCl/PUI and the lowest in CHX/SNI (p<0.05). Regarding RCC, CHX/PUI showed statistically similar results with NaOCl/PUI and NaOCl/SNI (p>0.05). Conclusion: A PUI of 2% CHX induced a statistically similar amount of RCC with both a PUI of 2.5% NaOCl and SNI of 2.5 % NaOCl. PUI combined with 2 % CHX can be used in secondary endodontic infections and during routine endodontic treatment due to increased antibacterial efficiency against E. faecalis.