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    Effects of home vacuum packaging method at different storage conditions on total antioxidant and phenolic compound levels in berry fruits
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2025) Nisari, Mustafa; Başmısırlı, Eda; Aykemat, Yusuf; Aytekin-Sahin, Gizem; İnanç, Neriman; Dishan, Adalet
    This study aimed to investigate the effects of home vacuum packaging on the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total phenolic content (TPC) levels of seven types of berries (raspberry, hawthorn, goldenberry, blackberry, strawberry, redcurrant, and blueberry) under different storage conditions. The berries were either vacuum+ or vacuum- and stored in a household refrigerator at +4 degrees C or frozen at -18 degrees C. Samples stored at +4 degrees C were analyzed on days 0, 7, and 30, while frozen samples were analyzed on days 0, 30, and 90. The results showed that TAC levels of fruit samples decreased by 18.88 % after 30 days at +4 degrees C in the vacuum- samples, while the vacuum+ samples showed only a 9.64 % reduction. Similarly, after 90 days of freezing, TAC levels decreased by 19.35 % in vacuum- samples, compared to an 11.56 % reduction in vacuum+ samples. Moreover, TPC levels of fruit samples decreased by 81.81 % after 30 days at +4 degrees C in the vacuum- samples, while the vacuum+ samples showed a 72.99 % reduction. After 90 days of freezing, TPC levels decreased by 75.99 % in vacuum- samples, while the vacuum+ samples showed only a 48.30 % reduction. Although TAC and TPC levels decreased over time at both +4 degrees C and -18 degrees C, the vacuum+ samples generally retained higher levels of TAC and TPC compared to the vacuum- samples, suggesting that vacuum packaging can slow down enzymatic and oxidative reactions. These findings indicate that home vacuum packaging could be a useful method for preserving the nutritional quality of berries and potentially reducing food waste.
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    Öğe
    Total aflatoxin and ochratoxin A levels, dietary exposure and cancer risk assessment in dried fruits in Türkiye
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Sahin, Gizem Aytekin; Aykemat, Yusuf; Yildiz, Aysegul Tugba; Dishan, Adalet; İnanç, Neriman; Gonulalan, Zafer
    This study aimed to measure total aflatoxin (AF) (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) and ochratoxin A (OTA) levels in dried fruit samples and to evaluate the potential dietary exposure and cancer risk to these mycotoxins in Kayseri/Turkiye. Dried fruit samples were collected between April-May 2021. A total of 11 dried grapes and apricot samples, 7 dried fig and plum samples were collected. Total aflatoxins and OTA in dried fruits were determined by ELISA method. Then, the margin of exposure (MOE) and cancer risk were calculated. Total AF was detected in dried fruit samples between 42.86%, and 100%. Between 18.18% and 57.14% of samples exceeded the European Commission (EC) limits for total AF. Moreover, OTA was detected in all samples. Between 71.43% and 100% of samples exceeded the EC limits for OTA. Cancer risk due to OTA exposure was higher than total AF and it was determined that OTA exposure could pose a risk for public health (MOE < 10,000). Although mycotoxin exposure seems to be low due to the low consumption of dried fruit in Turkiye, the risk of exposure and cancer may increase because of complying with the recommendations of the dietary guidelines. The findings provide new insights into exposure to total AF and OTA through the consumption of dried fruit.