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    Effect of Vent Hole and Cement Type on Fracture Resistance of CAD-CAM Monolithic Zirconia Crowns
    (Wiley, 2023) Cevlik, Esra Talay; Demetoglu, Goknil Alkan; Yıldız, Pınar
    Purpose To assess the fracture resistance of monolithic zirconia crowns cemented with different types of cement on cement-retained implant abutments. Materials and methods Forty implant analogs were positioned in acrylic resin blocks, and cement-retained straight implant abutments were fastened to the analogs. Crowns were designed with/without occlusal vent holes and produced from monolithic zirconia blocks by the CAD-CAM technique. The two crown types were divided into two groups and cemented with resin and zinc-polycarboxylate cement under 5 kg weight. A universal testing machine applied compressive forces to the crowns until fracture. Fracture resistance values were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and the independent samples t-test with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results According to the two-way ANOVA results, although the crown design did not have a significant effect on fracture resistance (1417.65 +/- 337.39 N, 1565.16 +/- 517.12 N; crowns with and without vent holes, respectively), the main effect of the cement variable on the fracture resistance was significant. Zinc-polycarboxylate cement (1680.1 +/- 375.23 N) showed higher fracture resistance than resin cement (1302.71 +/- 420.64 N) in the crowns designed with vent holes (p < 0.005). Conclusion The use of cement-retained implant-supported monolithic zirconia crowns with an occlusal vent hole is safe, and zinc-polycarboxylate cement use may be an appropriate choice for cementation of these crowns.
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    Removal of lithium disilicate veneers with Er,Cr:YSGGL laser: now? Or after ageing?
    (Springer London Ltd, 2022) Yıldız, Pınar; Unlu, Damla Gunes; Cevlik, Esra Talay; Usumez, Aslihan
    This study was purposed to assess the impact of ageing and resin cements polymerized with different modes on the removal time of lithium disilicate (LiSi) ceramics using Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Ninety LiSi slabs (6 x 6 x 1 mm) were cemented to freshly extracted bovine teeth using cements polymerized with different modes (light-curing (LC), dual-curing (DC), self-curing (SC)). The specimens were divided into subgroups according to ageing conditions (no thermal cycling, 5000 or 30,000 thermal cycling). After that, Er,Cr:YSGG laser was applied until LiSi slabs were debonded; the removal time was recorded. Vickers microhardness test, SEM and EDS analyses were performed for specimens with the longest exposure time to laser application in the groups. One uncemented sample was also used as a control. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. Ageing and cement polymerization mode significantly affected the removal time of LiSi specimens. The removal time for the self-curing resin cement group (22.67 +/- 12.68 s) was significantly longer than for cements polymerized with other methods (LC = 10.833 +/- 7.28 s, DC = 12.0 +/- 7.96 s). Removal time was significantly reduced after ageing in all polymerization modes; however, there were no significant differences between 5000 (11.83 +/- 7.52 s) and 30,000 (11.83 +/- 7.26 s) thermal cycling groups. Self-curing resin cements had prolonged the laser-aided removal time for LiSi ceramics. It can be concluded that Er,Cr:YSGG laser-aided removal of LiSi veneers after clinical use can be done more faster than its immediate removal.