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    Comparative evaluation of probiotic solutions on surface roughness and microhardness of different restorative materials and enamel
    (Mre Press, 2024) Karataş, Özcan; Delikan, Ebru; Avunduk, Ayse Tugba Erturk
    This research study aimed to investigate the impact of probiotic mouthwash and kefir on the surface characteristics, specifically surface roughness and microhardness, of different restorative materials, as well as permanent and deciduous tooth enamels. Thirty disc -shaped specimens were prepared from composite resin (G-ae nial Posterior (GP)), polyacid-modified composite resin (compomer) (Dyract-XP (DXP)), and resinmodified glass ionomer cement (Ionoseal (IS)). Additionally, thirty specimens of enamel were obtained from permanent teeth (PT) and thirty from deciduous teeth (DT) by embedding buccal and lingual sections, acquired through vertical sectioning of 15 permanent and 15 deciduous human tooth crowns in the mesiodistal orientation within acrylic resin blocks. The specimens were then categorized into three distinct groups and immersed for 14 days in one of the following solutions: distilled water, kefir or probiotic mouthwash. The mean surface roughness values of all specimens were assessed using an atomic force microscope, while the mean surface microhardness was measured using a Vickers hardness measuring instrument. The results revealed a statistically significant difference in mean surface roughness among the various restorative materials ( p < 0.001). Among the restorative materials, the IS material exhibited notably higher mean surface roughness values than other restorative materials and tooth enamel, while no significant differences were observed between the PT and DT groups. Importantly, the main effect of the solutions under investigation was not statistically significant ( p = 0.208). No significant difference was found between the surface roughness values of specimens subjected to the different solutions. When evaluating the effects of materials and solutions on microhardness, the main effects of material and solution variables and the influence of material -solution interactions were statistically significant ( p < 0.001). Taken together, these results indicate that consistent use of kefir or probiotic mouthwashes may impact the surface properties of various restorative materials and tooth enamel.
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    Impact of acid and laser etching of enamel on microleakage in different adhesive systems
    (Springer London Ltd, 2024) Yavuz, Sevim Atilan; Avunduk, Ayse Tugba Erturk; Karataş, Özcan; Kilinc, Nazire Nurdan Cakir; Delikan, Ebru
    This study aimed to evaluate the microleakage of light-cured and self-cured adhesives on enamel surfaces selectively etched with Er, Cr: YSGG laser or 35% phosphoric acid. A total of 60 class V cavities were prepared 1 mm above the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). The specimens were randomly divided into six groups. Group 1: Clearfil SE Bond with no conditioning, Group 2: Tokuyama Universal Bond with no conditioning, Group 3: Clearfil SE Bond conditioned with 35% phosphoric acid, Group 4: Tokuyama Universal Bond conditioned with 35% phosphoric acid, Group 5: Clearfil SE Bond conditioned with Er, Cr: YSGG laser and Group 6: Tokuyama Universal Bond conditioned with Er, Cr: YSGG laser. Microleakage was evaluated qualitatively (visually) and quantitatively (ImageJ). The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS V23 and submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. In all evaluation methods, the microleakage scores exhibit significant differences (p*<0.001). Group 1 and Group 3 exhibited similar and lower microleakage values than the Group 5. In the occlusal margin, the microleakage values were similar in Group 2, Group 4, and Group 6, whereas in the gingival margin Group 4 showed significantly lower leakage compared to Group 2. Regardless of the etching protocols and adhesive systems used, less microleakage was observed on the occlusal surface than on the gingival surface. Phosphoric acid etching provides better results than laser etching for enamel surface treatment on both occlusal and gingival surfaces.
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    Satisfaction and stress levels of dentistry students relating to distance education
    (Wroclaw Medical Univ, 2021) Avunduk, Ayse Tugba Erturk; Delikan, Ebru
    Background It is not known whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected dentistry education. Objectives. This study aimed to determine the satisfaction and stress levels of dentistry students in Turkey regarding distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to evaluate their opinions on this matter. Material and methods. This cross-sectional research study was conducted from October to November 2020 with the use of a web-based questionnaire consisting of 3 sections. The 1st section focused on demographic data. The 2nd section evaluated dentistry students' opinions regarding distance education during the pandemic; it comprised 8 multiple-choice questions and 1 open-ended question. The 3rd section referred to the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), which is intended to assess the stress levels. The data was subjected to the descriptive statistical analysis, the chi(2) tests and the logistic regression analysis. Results. The sample consisted of 919 dentistry students, reflecting a response rate of 84%. Of the total sample, 81.6% of the participants were studying at state universities and more than half were female. These students' perceived stress levels were significantly increased due to the following factors: education at a state school; insufficient technical opportunities at home/dormitory facilities; decreased support from the academic staff of the universities during distance education; and a low level of knowledge of online document usage (p < 0.05). The evaluation of the responses to the open-ended question indicated that the difficulties encountered by highly stressed students during distance education were mostly adaptation-related (p = 0.011). The logistic regression analysis showed that gender was significantly associated with high stress levels (p < 0.05). Conclusions The data showed that dentistry students preferred hybrid education and were unsatisfied with their experience with distance education.